X- linked gene - translation to Αγγλικά
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X- linked gene - translation to Αγγλικά

THE SEX-SPECIFIC PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE AND PRESENTATION WHEN A GENE MUTATION IS PRESENT ON A SEX CHROMOSOME RATHER THAN A NON-SEX CHROMOSOME
Sex-linked; X-linked; X-linked gene; Sex linked; X linked; X linkage; X-and-Y linkage; X-linked manner; Sex-linked inheritance; Sex-influenced inheritance; X-Linked; Sex-influenced; Sex-influenced trait; X-linked trait; Sex-linked mutation; X-linked diseases; Sex-conditioned trait; Sex-linked gene; Sex-linked trait; X chromosome disorders; X-linked disease; Sex linked mutation; Sex linked genes; X-linked inheritance; Sex-linked genes
  • Morgan, Thomas Hunt]] 1919. ''The physical basis of heredity''. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company.</ref>
  • An example pedigree chart of the inheritance of a sex-linked disorder
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X- linked gene      
جينٌ مُرْتَبِطٌ بالصِّبْغِيِّ X
sex linked ichthyosis         
  • X linked ichthyosis
  • DHEA sulfate
  • X linked ichthyosis - this boy has an infant brother and maternal uncle with the same condition
SKIN CONDITION CAUSED BY THE HEREDITARY DEFICIENCY OF THE STEROID SULFATASE (STS) ENZYME THAT AFFECTS 1 IN 2000 TO 1 IN 6000 MALES
Placental sulfatase deficiency; Ichthyosis, x-linked; Steroid sulfatase deficiency; X-linked recessive ichthyosis; Sex linked Ichthyosis
‎ سُماكٌ مُرْتَبِطٌ بالجِنْس‎
X-linked ichthyosis         
  • X linked ichthyosis
  • DHEA sulfate
  • X linked ichthyosis - this boy has an infant brother and maternal uncle with the same condition
SKIN CONDITION CAUSED BY THE HEREDITARY DEFICIENCY OF THE STEROID SULFATASE (STS) ENZYME THAT AFFECTS 1 IN 2000 TO 1 IN 6000 MALES
Placental sulfatase deficiency; Ichthyosis, x-linked; Steroid sulfatase deficiency; X-linked recessive ichthyosis; Sex linked Ichthyosis
سُماكٌ مُرْتَبِطٌ بالإِكس

Ορισμός

X
1. <convention> Used in various speech and writing contexts (also in lowercase) in roughly its algebraic sense of "unknown within a set defined by context" (compare N). Thus, the abbreviation 680x0 stands for 68000, 68010, 68020, 68030 or 68040, and 80x86 stands for Intel 80186, Intel 80286, Intel 80386 or Intel 80486. A Unix hacker might write these as 680[0-4]0 and 80[1-4]86 or 680?0 and 80?86 respectively; see glob. 2. <graphics> An alternative name for the X Window System. 3. <storage> A suffix for the speed of a CD-ROM drive relative to standard music CDs (1x). 32x is common in September 1999. [Jargon File] (1999-09-15)

Βικιπαίδεια

Sex linkage

Sex linked describes the sex-specific reading patterns of inheritance and presentation when a gene mutation (allele) is present on a sex chromosome (allosome) rather than a non-sex chromosome (autosome). In humans, these are termed X-linked recessive, X-linked dominant and Y-linked. The inheritance and presentation of all three differ depending on the sex of both the parent and the child. This makes them characteristically different from autosomal dominance and recessiveness.

There are many more X-linked conditions than Y-linked conditions, since humans have several times as many genes on the X chromosome than the Y chromosome. Only females are able to be carriers for X-linked conditions; males will always be affected by any X-linked condition, since they have no second X chromosome with a healthy copy of the gene. As such, X-linked recessive conditions affect males much more commonly than females.

In X-linked recessive inheritance, a son born to a carrier mother and an unaffected father has a 50% chance of being affected, while a daughter has a 50% chance of being a carrier, however a fraction of carriers may display a milder (or even full) form of the condition due to a phenomenon known as skewed X-inactivation, in which the normal process of inactivating half of the female body's X chromosomes preferably targets a certain parent's X chromosome (the father's in this case). If the father is affected, the son will not be affected, as he does not inherit the father's X chromosome, but the daughter will always be a carrier (and may occasionally present with symptoms due to aforementioned skewed X-inactivation).

In X-linked dominant inheritance, a son or daughter born to an affected mother and an unaffected father both have a 50% chance of being affected (though a few X-linked dominant conditions are embryonic lethal for the son, making them appear to only occur in females). If the father is affected, the son will always be unaffected, but the daughter will always be affected. A Y-linked condition will only be inherited from father to son and will always affect every generation.

The inheritance patterns are different in animals that use sex-determination systems other than XY. In the ZW sex-determination system used by birds, the mammalian pattern is reversed, since the male is the homogametic sex (ZZ) and the female is heterogametic (ZW).

In classical genetics, a mating experiment called a reciprocal cross is performed to test if an animal's trait is sex-linked.